Background articles

Background articles

Overview of cell phone risks

• Prof. Vini Khurana, MD - Mobile Phones and Brain Tumours – A Public Health Concern - PDF
• Interphone Study Summary 2008 (A series of multi-national case-control studies that has been set-up and coordinated by IARC) - Website
• Bioinitiative Summary of Experts - Website
• Stewart U.K. Advisory Report Summary - PDF
• M. Kundi, 2009 The Controversy about a Possible Relationship between Mobile Phone Use and Cancer - PDF
• H. Lai, 2005 -Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field - Abstract
• Interphone Study, 2008 - Website
• M. Kundi, H. P.  Hutter, 2009 Mobile phone base stations—Effects on wellbeing and health - Abstract
• A. Ahlbom, M. Feychting, Ad. Green, L. Kheifets, D. A. Savitz, A. J. Swerdlow, and ICNIRP, 2009 Epidemiologic Evidence on Mobile Phones and Tumor Risk: A Review - Abstract
• de Salles, Alvaro. A. A., Bonadiman, Mateus, Fernández, Claudio R. FDTD Simulations and Measurements for Cell Phone with Planar Antennas -  PDF

Combined Analysis of epidemiology

• Y.Y. Han et al., 2009 Cell Phone Usage and Acoustic Neuroma: The Need for Standardized Questionnaires and Access to Industry Data. Surgical Neurology - Website
• L. Hardell et al., 2008 Meta-analysis of Long-term Mobile Phone Use and the Association with Brain Tumours. International Journal of Oncology - Abstract
• L. Hardell et al., 2007 Long-term Use of Cellular Phones and Brain Tumours: Increased Risk Associated with Use for >10 Years. Occupational and Environmental Medicine - Abstract
• L. Hardell et al., 2006 Pooled Analysis of Two Case-control Studies on the Use of Cellular and Cordless Telephones and the Risk of Benign Brain Tumours Diagnosed During 1997-2003. International Journal of Oncology - PDF
• P. Kan et al., 2008 Cellular Phone use and Brain Tumor: A Meta-analysis. Journal of Neurooncology - Abstract
• A. Huss et al., 2007 Source of Funding and Results of Studies of Health Effects of Mobile Phone Use: Systematic Review of Experimental Studies. Environmental Health Perspectives - Website
• Committee on Identification of Research Needs Relating to Potential Biological or Adverse Health Effects of Wireless Communications Devices, National Research Council, 2008 Identification of Research Needs Relating to Potential Biological or Adverse Health Effects of Wireless Communication - PDF

Case Control Studies

• L. Hardell et al, 2001 Ionizing Radiation, Cellular Telephones and the Risk for Brain Tumours. European Journal of Cancer Prevention - Abstract
• P.D. Inskip et al., 2001 Cellular Telephone Use and Brain Tumors. The New England Journal of Medicine - Abstract
• S. Lonn et al., 2004 Mobile Phone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma. Epidemiology - Abstract
• M. J. Shoemaker et al., 2005 Mobile Phone Use and Risk of Acoustic Neuroma: Results of the Interphone Case–control Study in Five North European Countries. British Journal of Cancer - Website
• A. Lahkola, 2007 Mobile phone Use and Risk of Glioma in 5 North European Countries. International Journal of Cancer - Abstract
• A. Auvinen et al., 2002 Brain Tumors and Salivary Gland Cancers Among Cellular Telephone Users. Epidemiology - Website
• L. Hardell et al., 2004 Cellular and Cordless Telephone Use and the Association with Brain Tumors in Different Age Groups. Archives of Environmental Health - Website
• L. Klaeboe et al., 2007 Use of Mobile Phones in Norway and Risk of Intracranial Tumours. European Journal of Cancer Prevention - Abstract
• L. Hardell, M. Carlberg and K. H. Mild, 2008 Methodological Aspects of Epidemiological Studies on the Use of Mobile Phones and their Association with Brain Tumors - Abstract
• L. Hardell and M. Carlberg, 2009 Mobile phones, cordless phones and the risk for brain tumours - Abstract

Illustrations of experimental effects

• B.R.R. Persson , L.G. Salford and A. Brun 1997, Blood-brain barrier permeability in rats exposed to electromagnetic fields used in wireless communication - Abstract
• H. Lai and N.P. Singh. 1996 Single and Double-strand DNA Breaks in Rat Brain Cells after Acute Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic radiation, International Journal of Radiation Biology - Abstract
• W. Baohong et al., 2007 Evaluating the Combinative Effects on Human Lymphocyte DNA Damage Induced by Ultraviolet Ray C plus 1.8 GHz Microwaves Using Comet Assay in vitro, Toxicology - Abstract
• S. Lixia, et al., 2006 Effects of 1.8 GHz Radiofrequency Field on DNA Damage and Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Human Lens Epithelial Cells, Mutation Research - Abstract
• M. Mashevich, et al., 2003 Exposure of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes to Electromagnetic Fields associated with Cellular Phones Leads to Chromosomal Instability, Bioelectromagnetics - Abstract
• L.G. Salford, A. E. Brun, J. L. Eberhardt, L. Malmgren, B. R. R. Persson, 2003 Nerve Cell Damage in Mammalian Brain after Exposure to Microwaves from GSM Mobile Phones - PDF
• A. Christ, N. Chavannes, N. Nikoloski, H.-U. Gerber, K.Pokovic, and N. Kuster 2005, A Numerical and Experimental Comparison of Human Head Phantoms for Compliance Testing of Mobile Telephone Equipment - Abstract
• A. Peyman, A. A. Rezazadeh and C. Gabriel 2001 Changes in the dielectric properties of rat tissue as a function of age at microwave frequencies - Abstract
• H. Nittby, A. Brun, J. Eberhardt, L. Malmgrend, B.R.R. Persson, L. G. Salford, 2009 Increased blood–brain barrier permeability in mammalian brain 7 days after exposure to the radiation from a GSM-900 mobile phone - Abstract
• H. Nittby, G. Grafstrom, D. P. Tian, L. Malmgren, A. Brun, B.R.R. Persson, L.G. Salford, and J. Eberhardt 2008, Cognitive Impairment in Rats After Long-Term Exposure to GSM-900 Mobile Phone Radiation - Abstract
• H. Nittby, B. Widegren, M. Krogh, G. Grafstrom, H. Berlin, G. Rehn, J. L. Eberhardt, L. Malmgren, B. R. R. Persson, L. G. Salford, 2008 Exposure to radiation from global system for mobile communications at 1,800 MHz significantly changes gene expression in rat hippocampus and cortex - PDF
• G. Grafströma, H. Nittby, A. Brunc, L. Malmgrend, B. R.R. Perssona, L. G. Salford, J. Eberhard, 2008 Histopathological examinations of rat brains after long-term exposure to GSM-900 mobile phone radiation - Abstract
• J.L. Phillips, N.P. Singh, H. Laib 2009, Electromagnetic fields and DNA damage - Abstract
• W. Kainz, A. Christ, T. Kellom, S. Seidman, N. Nikoloski, B. Beard and N. Kuster, 2005 Dosimetric comparison of the specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) to 14 anatomical head models using a novel definition for the mobile phone positioning - Abstract
• C.L.M. Baureus Koch, M. Sommarin, B.R.R. Persson, L.G. Salford, and J.L. Eberhardt, 2003 Interaction BetweenWeak Low Frequency Magnetic Fields and Cell Membranes - Abstract
• Austrian AUVA Insurance CompanyAUVA REPORT: Nonthermal Effects Confirmed; Exposure Limits Challenged; Precaution Demanded., 2009 - PDF
  

Adult male models do not protect children

• O.P. Gandhi et al., 1996 Electromagnetic Absorption in the Human Head and Neck for Mobile Telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques - PDF
• O.P. Gandhi et al., 2002 Some Present Problems and a Proposed Experimental Phantom for SAR Compliance Testing of Cellular Telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz. Physics in Medicine and Biology - PDF
• O.P. Gandhi et al., 2004 Inaccuracies of a Plastic “Pinna” SAM for SAR Testing of Cellular Telephones Against IEEE and ICNIRP Safety Guidelines. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques - Website
• O.X. Li and O.P. Gandhi., 2006 Thermal Implications of the New Relaxed IEEE RF Safety Standard for Head Exposures to Cellular Telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques - Website
• J. Wiart et al., 2008 Analysis of RF Exposure in the Head Tissues of Children and Adults. Physics in Medicine and Biology - Website
• G. Bit-Babik et al., 2005 Simulation of Exposure and SAR Estimation for Adult and Child Heads Exposed to Radiofrequency Energy from Portable Communication Devices. Radiation Research - Abstract
• IEEE SAM standards (dimensions) Annex D - Website
• C. Fernández, G. Bulla, A. C. Pedra and Alvaro, A. A. de Salles, 2005 Comparison of Electromagnetic Absorption Characteristics in the Head of Adult and a Children for 1800 MHz Mobile Phones - Website
• A. Alvaro, A. A. de Salles, G. Bulla and C. Fernández Rodriguez, 2005 Electromagnetic Absorption in the Head of Adult and Children Due to Mobile Phone Operation Close to the Head - Website
• F. Schönborn, M. Burkhardt, N. Kuster, 1998 Differences in energy absorption between heads of adults and children in the near field of sources - Abstract
• A. Christ, N. Kuster, 2005 Differences in RF Energy Absorption in the Heads of Adults and Children - Abstract
• J. Wang  and O. Fujiwara, 2004 Comparison and evaluation of local Peak SAR in Realistic Human Head Models of Adult and Children for Mobile Phones - PDF
• A. Peyman, A. A. Rezazadeh and C. Gabriel, 2001 Changes in the dielectric properties of rat tissue as a function of age at microwave frequencies - Abstract
• Russian National Committee on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, 2008 Children and Mobile Phones: The health of the following generations is in danger - PDF
• O.P. Gandhi, Underestimation of EMF Exposure for Children for Mobile Telephones and for EAS Systems, - PDF